- London, Anglia, 1981. szeptember 1.) Efforts were made and a search of Ernst's unit ended in failure. Entrance to Spandau Prison, 1951. He was not involved in the plot, and played a minor role in the regime's efforts to regain control over Berlin after Hitler survived. [155] In addition to the myth that he was an apolitical technocrat, he claimed he did not have full knowledge of the Holocaust or the persecution of the Jews. The public was fascinated by an inside view of the Third Reich and a major war criminal became a popular figure almost overnight. [77] By July 1943, he had gained control of armaments production for the Luftwaffe and Kriegsmarine. FC Bayern Munich opens a new sports complex with a youth academy planned by AS+P. After hearing Hitler speak at a Berlin . There's a small road going to the right. However, his other brother Ernst had died in the Battle of Stalingrad, despite repeated requests from his parents for Speer to repatriate him. [64] Another factor that produced the boom in ammunition was the policy of allocating more coal to the steel industry. By Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie. It will begin in Norway and extend to northern Italy. [125] He had completed his memoirs by November 1953, which became the basis of Inside the Third Reich. [48] He also said: " en route to my ministry on the city highway, I could see crowds of people on the platform of nearby Nikolassee Railroad Station. By the time Prisoner Number 5Albert Speerwalked out of Spandau Prison on 1 October 1966, he was known to the world as the "Good Nazi.". [1]:55,71,7879,83,105,115116,138,188,651,674,696, Starting in April 1942, Speer became aware of the potential of German nuclear research in developing, in his words, "a weapon which could annihilate whole cities." [135] Speer's efforts for an early release came to naught. Speer II is more than an urban planner. [72] Hitler gave Sauckel a free hand to obtain labor, something that delighted Speer, who had requested 1,000,000 "voluntary" laborers to meet the need for armament workers. [144] Wolters' friendship with Speer deteriorated and one year before Speer's death Wolters gave Matthias Schmidt access to the unedited Chronicle. albert speers younger brother ernst was killed at Stalingrad Russia in the battle for Stalingrad. Albert Speer was a young architect initially seduced by the speeches and rhetoric of Hitler. Sereny gained respect for his sincerity in his personal "battle with truth.". [178] The production of armaments did go up; however, this was due to the normal causes of reorganization before Speer came to office, the relentless mobilization of slave labor and a deliberate reduction in the quality of output to favor quantity. [143] David Irving discovered discrepancies between the deceptively edited Chronicle and independent documents. The film presents original videos from the Nazi Germany period and conversations with Speer, in which the great deception he tried to present at the Nuremberg trials and in his book is revealed.[6]. [80], In December 1943, Speer visited Organisation Todt workers in Lapland, while there he seriously damaged his knee and was incapacitated for several months. Em 1946, ele foi julgado em Nuremberga e sentenciado a 20 anos de priso por sua participao no regime nazista, principalmente pelo uso de trabalho escravo nos campos de concentrao. By July 1943 Speer's armaments propaganda became irrelevant because a catalogue of dramatic defeats on the battlefield meant the prospect of losing the war could no longer be hidden from the German public. [66], As Minister of Armaments, Speer was responsible for supplying weapons to the army. [148] In October 1973, he made his first trip to Britain, flying to London to be interviewed on the BBC Midweek programme. Trevor-Roper frequently refers to Speer as "a technocrat [who] nourished a technocrat's philosophy", one who cared only for his building projects or his ministerial duties, and who thought that politics was irrelevant, at least until Hitler's Nero Decree which Speer, according to his own telling, worked assiduously to counter. [136] Speer served a full term and was released at midnight on 1 October 1966. On 20 July 1942, Speer was enrolled by order of Heinrich Himmler as a SS Man/member of. Under his leadership, the Nazis implemented a brutal regime of slave labour in armaments factories across Germany. Progress was slow because fuel was rationed and Army Group A were given priority. The second season of the PBS series looks at Hitler's planning and the battle that would ultimately cripple the Third Reich. "[1]:498507, In a 23 August 1970 review published in The New York Times, John Toland wrote that the book "is not only the most significant personal German account to come out of the war but the most revealing document on the Hitler phenomenon yet written. Speer's own staff described the conditions there as "hell". He was aided editorially by Wolf Jobst Siedler, Ullstein and Propylaen, and Joachim Fest. Profile manager: Gordon Becker [ send private message ] For the record, Ernst Speer is discussed at p. 336 in Beevor's "Stalingrad" (Penguin 2007), The Dieter Zinke Axis Biographical Research Section, Life in the Third Reich & Weimar Republic, Kriegsmarine surface ships and Kriegsmarine in general, Luftwaffe air units and Luftwaffe in general, German Strategy & General German Military Discussion, NSDAP, other party organizations & Government, The Dieter Zinke Axis Biographical Research Section, The Ron Klages Panzer & other vehicles Section, Panzer & other vehicles - Photo threads, Axis Documents, Feldpost numbers, Postcards & Other Paper Items, The United Kingdom & its Empire and Commonwealth 1919-45, The Allies and the Neutral States in general, German Colonies and Overseas Expeditions, The end of the Ottoman Empire 1908-1923, Translation help: Breaking the Sound Barrier. He assumed his German readers would not be so gullible and told them the Nazi Party offered a "new mission". Fun facts: before fame, family life, popularity rankings, and more. The film began a process of demystification and critical reappraisal. During the winter of 194142, in the light of Germany's disastrous defeat in the Battle of Moscow, the German leadership including Friedrich Fromm, Georg Thomas and Fritz Todt had come to the conclusion that the war could not be won. [174], Speer did not deny being present at the Posen speeches to Nazi leaders at a conference in Posen (Pozna) on 6 October 1943, but claimed to have left the auditorium before Himmler said during his speech: "The grave decision had to be taken to cause this people to vanish from the earth",[175] and later, "The Jews must be exterminated". all Albert Speer wanted was to feel important. [68] Hitler was closely involved with the design of the tanks, but kept changing his mind about the specifications. [8] In 1924, when the crisis had abated, he transferred to the "much more reputable" Technical University of Munich. He added a stone exterior that pleased Hitler. [165] Trommer said he was not an apolitical technocrat; instead, he was one of the most powerful and unscrupulous leaders in the Nazi regime. Albert Speer Jr., one of the most important German architects and urban planners, died unexpectedly on September 15, 2017 in Frankfurt. Speer's mother asked Albert to do something to get Ernst out. [150], He had remained married to his wife, but he had formed a relationship with a German woman living in London and was with her at the time of his death. [146] So great was the need to believe this "Speer Myth" that Fest and Siedler were able to strengthen iteven in the face of mounting historical evidence to the contrary. [99] In reality, he had sought to prolong the war until further resistance was impossible, thus contributing to the large number of deaths and the extensive destruction Germany suffered in the conflict's final months. Feigned repentance at Nuremberg, saving his own neck. On 23 May, two weeks after the surrender of German forces, British troops arrested the members of the Flensburg Government and brought Nazi Germany to a formal end. "It is not charity; I don't like that . By Dorothy . [163] By 1999, historians had amply demonstrated that Speer had lied extensively. Neither the organizers nor Rudolf Hess were willing to decide whether to approve the plans, and Hess sent Speer to Hitler's Munich apartment to seek his approval. Sereny decided to complete the book alone . he is one of Germany's top architects. Die Zelle. August 1, 2017. If built, the German Stadium would have accommodated 400,000 spectators. Before World War II, Speer helped propel the Nazi vision of grandeur and superiority. Concerned about retaining power, he did not appoint a deputy and continued to direct work of the Armaments Ministry from his bedside. Sept. 21, 2017. happened. 46.104 since 1942 - according to himself he declined all Ehrenrnge offered, but in the end accepted the Rank of a SS-Mann. [101], By mid-March, Speer had accepted that Germany's economy would collapse within the next eight weeks. [95], Losses of territory and a dramatic expansion of the Allied strategic bombing campaign caused the collapse of the German economy from late 1944. Albert Speer (n.Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer, 19 martie 1905 d. 1 septembrie 1981) a fost un arhitect german care a fost, pentru o parte din al Doilea Rzboi Mondial, ministrul al narmrii i produciei de rzboi pentru al Treilea Reich.Speer a fost arhitectul preferat al lui Adolf Hitler, nainte de a ocupa posturi ministeriale.i-a asumat responsabilitatea pentru crimele . Its aim was to ensure the preservation and growth of fighter aircraft production. I'd like to know more about his life; all I know is that he was inside Stalingrad's. Through his autobiographies and interviews, Speer carefully constructed an image of himself as a man who deeply regretted having failed to discover the monstrous crimes of the Third Reich. [89] To increase production, Speer introduced a system of punishments for his workforce. [112], Speer was taken to several internment centres for Nazi officials and interrogated. Ignored his parents' request to use his position to bring home his brother from Stalingrad. Das Cytoskelett; Vergleich Pflanzenzelle - Tierzelle: Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten; Vergleich der Eigenschaften von prokaryotischen und eukaryotischen Zellen [164] Brechtken said that if his extensive involvement in the Holocaust had been known at the time of his trial he would have been sentenced to death. [177] The rational position to adopt was to seek a political solution that would end the war without defeat. I am sure that an oppressive feeling struck me as I drove past. 2. It is considered to be one of the most detailed descriptions of the inner workings and leadership of Nazi Germany but is controversial because of Speer's lack of discussion of Nazi atrocities and questions regarding . [96] In January 1945, Speer told Goebbels that armaments production could be sustained for at least a year. [49] Martin Kitchen described Speer's often repeated line that he knew nothing of the "dreadful things" as hollowbecause not only was he fully aware of the fate of the Jews he was actively participating in their persecution. At the end of July 1942, a lack of fuel brought Paulus to a halt at Kalach. Albert Speer in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland", Francisco Boix identifies Speer at Nuremberg, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Albert_Speer&oldid=1139875005, This page was last edited on 17 February 2023, at 08:56. [2] In 1918, the family leased their Mannheim residence and moved to a home they had in Heidelberg. Of the 60,000 people who ended up at the camp 20,000 died, due to the appalling conditions. Men da Moritz Schramm var barn, var det et andet blik, han havde p morfaren. [1]:488498,569, Speer's involvement with concentration camp prisoners as a work force came about when Hitler agreed to Himmler's proposal they be used for the secret V-2 project. Yet development and production would take at least two years. Contributor: C. Peter Chen ww2dbase Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer was born in Mannheim, Germany, into a wealthy middle class family to Albert and Luise Speer. [87], The Fighter Staff committee was instrumental in bringing about the increased exploitation of slave labor in the war economy. His first draft was written from March 1953 to 26 December 1954. This criticism is mainly presented by the documentary film "Speer Goes to Hollywood" by the director Vanessa Lapa. [106][c], By April, little was left of the armaments industry, and Speer had few official duties. Der er bare lige den hage ved Moritz Schramms morfar, at han var den kendte topnazist Albert Speer fra Hitlers inderkreds, og at han i dag anses for at vre en af Anden Verdenskrigs helt store forbrydere. Secured early release from prison, became a media celebrity and successfully cultivated the "clean Speer" myth. Speer cancelled some hours before take-off because the previous night he had been up late in a meeting with Hitler. This movie is based on Speer's autobiography of the same name. At the end of 1933, he contracted Paul Troost to renovate the entire building. Though stockpiling of materials and other work continued, this slowed to a halt as more resources were needed for the armament industry. [162], After Speer's death, Matthias Schmidt published a book that demonstrated that Speer had ordered the eviction of Jews from their Berlin homes. [82] In mid-January 1944, Speer had a lung embolism and fell seriously ill. The family learned of this through some letters Ernst sent. His architectural skills made him increasingly prominent within the Party, and he became a member of Hitler's inner circle. [38] The outbreak of World War II in 1939 led to the postponement, and later the abandonment, of these plans. In his writings, Speer claimed to have finished five thousand books while in prison. Startseite; Cytologie. [83] His political rivals used the opportunity to undermine his authority and damage his reputation with Hitler. The Speer houses are on the right side. Detailed plans were completed in July 1937 and the first shell of the new chancellery was complete on 1 January 1938. [3] Henry T. King, deputy prosecutor at the Nuremberg trials who later wrote a book about Speer said, "Love and warmth were lacking in the household of Speer's youth. Speer created an elaborate garden complete with lawns, flower beds, shrubbery, and fruit trees. [157] In return they were paid handsomely in royalties and other financial inducements. It was for the maltreatment of these people, that Speer was principally convicted at the Nuremberg Trials. [52] Speer's building work made him among the wealthiest of the Nazi elite. They're private residences. [31] Speer designed the German Pavilion for the 1937 international exposition in Paris. Thanks! [177], The armaments "miracle" was a myth; Speer had used statistical manipulation to support his claims. This allowed an extra 300 huts to be built at Auschwitz, increasing the total human capacity to 132,000. Little remains of his personal architectural work. [34] Hitler ordered Speer to develop plans to rebuild Berlin. [55] On 8 February 1942, Reich Minister of Armaments and Munitions Fritz Todt died in a plane crash shortly after taking off from Hitler's eastern headquarters at Rastenburg. From 1939 on, Speer's Department used the Nuremberg Laws to evict Jewish tenants of non-Jewish landlords in Berlin, to make way for non-Jewish tenants displaced by redevelopment or bombing. Albert Speer's account of all his experiences during the war was to me, totally fascinating. Speer was aided in shaping the works by Joachim Fest and Wolf Jobst Siedler from the publishing house Ullstein. [26], Speer also sought to portray himself as an opponent of Hitler's leadership. At the southern end of the avenue, a great triumphal arch, almost 400 feet (120m) high and able to fit the Arc de Triomphe inside its opening, was planned. [70], Speer realized that with six million workers drafted into the armed forces, there was a labor shortage in the war economy, and not enough workers for his factories. [43], During the Chancellery project, the pogrom of Kristallnacht took place. [5], Another kind of criticism is the claim that Speer pretended that he was unaware of the extermination camps and presented the figure of a "good Nazi". Adam Tooze wrote in The Wages of Destruction that the idea that Speer was an apolitical technocrat was "absurd". He admitted only to being uncomfortable around Jews in the published version of the Spandau Diaries. Albert Speer, nemki arhitekt in politik, * 19. marec 1905, Mannheim, 1. september 1981, London, Zdrueno kraljestvo . [78] In August 1943, he took control of most of the Ministry of Economics, to become, in Admiral Dnitz's words, "Europe's economic dictator". While he sought to frustrate directives to destroy industrial facilities in areas at risk of capture, so that they could be used after the war, he still supported the war's continuation. Speer, imenovan tudi prvi arhitekt Tretjega rajha , je bil Hitlerjev glavni arhitekt v nacistini Nemiji, leta 1942 pa je v Hitlerjevem kabinetu postal minister za oboroitev. The manuscript led to two books: first Erinnerungen ("Recollections") (Propylen/Ullstein, 1969), which was translated into English and published by Macmillan in 1970 as Inside the Third Reich; then as Spandauer Tagebcher ("Spandau Diaries") (Propylen/Ullstein, 1975), which was translated into English and published by Macmillan in 1976 as Spandau: The Secret Diaries. For the television film based on the book, see, :55,71,7879,83,105,115116,138,188,651,674,696, Sarah Word from the British film magazine ", Reich Ministry of Armaments and War Production, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Inside_the_Third_Reich&oldid=1132240858, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2022, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 7 January 2023, at 23:15. Naval armaments were not under Speer's supervision until October 1943, nor the Luftwaffe's armaments until June of the following year. 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Inside the Third Reich (German: Erinnerungen, "Memories") is a memoir written by Albert Speer, the Nazi Minister of Armaments from 1942 to 1945, serving as Adolf Hitler's main architect before this period. Albert Speer ( 19. bezna 1905 Mannheim - 1. z 1981 Londn ), celm jmnem Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer, byl hlavn architekt Adolfa Hitlera a pozdji ministr zbrojnho a vlenho prmyslu nacistickho Nmecka. He was the second of three sons of Luise Mthilde Wilhelmine (Hommel) and Albert Friedrich Speer. He continued to deny explicit knowledge of, and responsibility for the Holocaust. Albert Speer was the Nazi Party's chief architect, a close confidant of Adolf Hitler and the brains behind the Nazi military production machine. Under Sereny's relentless questioning, Speer explored the past, trying to discover the truth which he had unconsciously kept hidden even from himself. "[16] The historian Magnus Brechtken, discussing Speer, said he did not give anti-Jewish public speeches and that his anti-Semitism can best be understood through his actionswhich were anti-Semitic. The cylinder is now a protected landmark and is open to the public. He was charged with planning for war, planning a war of aggression, crimes against peace and crimes against humanity. In the aftermath of the Night of the Long Knives, he had been commissioned to renovate the Borsig Palace on the corner of Vostrae and Wilhelmstrae as headquarters of the Sturmabteilung (SA). Speer asked Wolters to destroy the material he had omitted from his donation but Wolters refused and retained an original copy. [5] Speer was active in sports, taking up skiing and mountaineering. "[3], On the other hand, in a 1973 Bryn Mawr College review, Barbara Miller Lane wrote, "Scholars have observed so many gaps in his account of the operation of his ministry as to shed considerable doubt on the whole. The oldest brother turned into a thorn in his youger brother Four years into their relationship, in September 1981, Speer died. No buildings designed by Speer during the Nazi era are extant in Berlin, other than the 4 entrance pavilions and underpasses leading to the Victory Column or Siegessule,[180] and the Schwerbelastungskrper, a heavy load-bearing body built around 1941. . This image dominated his historiography in the decades following the war, giving rise to the "Speer Myth": the perception of him as an apolitical technocrat responsible for revolutionizing the German war machine. Speer liked the scenario so much that he wrote it into his memoirs. Labor to build the A4 rockets came from the Mittelbau-Dora concentration camp. [170] Historian Martin Kitchen states that Speer was actually "fully aware of what had happened to the Jews" and was "intimately involved in the 'Final Solution'". For Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, AS+P completes the planning of the Ministry of Commerce and Investment (MCI). [152], After his release from Spandau, Speer portrayed himself as the "good Nazi". It became instrumental in exploiting slave labor for the benefit of the German war effort. [127], Much of Speer's energy was dedicated to keeping fit, both physically and mentally, during his long confinement. On 31 January 1931, he also joined the Motor Unit of the SA being a member until autumn 1932. In July1932, the Speers visited Berlin to help out the Party before the Reichstag elections. Importantly, he provided an alibi to older Germans who had been Nazis. After joining the Nazi Party in 1930, Speer became Adolf Hitler's personal architect. However Speer secured Hitler's support, and on 1 March 1942, Gring signed a decree naming Speer "General Plenipotentiary for Armament Tasks" in the Four Year Plan. Summary: "Inside the Third Reich is a memoir written by Albert Speer, the Nazi Minister of Armaments from 1942 to 1945, serving as Adolf Hitler's main architect before this period. For propaganda Hitler claimed during the topping-out ceremony on 2 August 1938, that he had ordered Speer to complete the new chancellery that year. [5], Following his release from Spandau, Speer donated the Chronicle, his personal diary, to the German Federal Archives. [81] He was under the dubious care of Professor Karl Gebhardt at a medical clinic called Hohenlychen where patients "mysteriously failed to survive". On 27 January 1938, Speer received plenipotentiary powers from Hitler to finish the new chancellery by 1 January 1939. The building was able to hold 340,000 people. After serving. alberts side and was generally desribed as a wastrel. [121] There he was known as Prisoner Number Five. As an example, he wanted to be given power over all armaments issues under Hermann Gring's Four Year Plan. The house had a studio were Hitler (see Hitler parents) often came to draw his . [154] In his memoirs and interviews, he had distorted the truth and made so many major omissions that his lies became known as "myths". He set about extending his power and influence with unexpected ambition. After he failed to do so, his father gave him a part-time job as manager of his properties. A close ally of Adolf Hitler, he was convicted at the Nuremberg trials and sentenced to 20 years in prison. Speer, Jr., an eighty-two-year-old with a perennially serious expression and a fondness for energetic hand motions, is one of Germany's best-known urban planners. Speer first heard Adolf Hitler speak during an address to the combined students and faculty of Berlin University and his institute. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. [176] In 2007, The Guardian reported that a letter from Speer dated 23 December 1971, had been found in a collection of his correspondence with Hlne Jeanty, the widow of a Belgian resistance fighter. Albert Speer Jr. was born on July 29, 1934, one year after Hitler had consolidated power in Germany. From 1946 to 1966, while serving the sentence in Spandau Prison, he penned more than 2,000 manuscript pages of personal memoirs. Chronicle, his personal diary, to the appalling conditions was active in sports, taking up skiing and.! But kept changing his mind about the increased exploitation of slave labor for the Holocaust 66,., after his release from Spandau, Speer was responsible for supplying to. Miracle '' was a myth ; Speer had used statistical manipulation to support his claims ended in failure the industry... An elaborate garden complete with lawns, flower beds, shrubbery, and more Adolf... 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